Posted by admin | Posted in fly fishing | Posted on 15-12-2010
Tags: architecture, creek, ping.fm, restaurant, stone, stone creek, stone creek coffee, stone creek furniture, stone creek golf course, stone creek nyc
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Stone Creek
Aquia Creek sandstone
Geology
Of Cretaceous age, Aquia Creek sandstone is composed of rounded, coarse- to fine-grains of quartz, cemented with silica and containing scattered pellets of clay as large as an inch in diameter. This sandstone is typically gray or tan, sometimes with streaks or shades of red, yellow or buff, giving the stone a warm effect.
History
Aquia Creek sandstone
A quarry was established at Wigginton's Island on Aquia Creek by George Brent after 1694, providing stone for tombstones and to houses and churches in northern Virginia, including Gunston Hall, Christ Church in Alexandria, Virginia, Mount Airy in Richmond County, Virginia, and Aquia Church, as well as steps and walkways at George Washington's Mount Vernon.
Washington selected Aquia sandstone as the primary material for use in Washington's government buildings. Acting on the government's behalf, the Wigginton's Island quarry was purchased by Pierre Charles L'Enfant in 1791, becoming known afterward as Government Island. The stone from the quarry was used by James Hoban for the President's House and the Capitol. The earliest portions of the Treasury Building and the Patent Office (now the National Portrait Gallery) also used the stone.
Both the Capitol and the President's House were burned during the War of 1812, cracking and pitting the sandstone, and requiring extensive repair. Both buildings were whitewashed and later painted to hide damage and protect the stone from weathering, and use of the stone for exterior use declined as its shortcomings became apparent. One of the last major uses of the material was at the U.S. Capitol gatehouses and gateposts, designed by Charles Bulfinch about 1827. Moved to a new location along Constitution Avenue near the White House, the gatehouses deteriorated to the point that they had to be rebuilt in 1938.
Interior work fared better. Benjamin Latrobe designed sandstone columns crowned with American-themed corncobs and tobacco leaves, termed by Latrobe the "American Orders" for the Supreme Court vestibule in the Capitol, which survive in good condition.
The Public Quarry at Government Island is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Viewing today
A good example of Aquia Creek sandstone as it was used in monumental architecture is the relocated "National Capitol Columns" (1828) now at the National Arboretum. The best places to see Aquia Creek sandstone as it was used indoors are in the older parts of the U.S. Capitol and in the National Portrait Gallery (Old Patent Office Building) courtyard. The sandstone gallery of the latter building, with its plain squat columns, is particularly impressive. In the Capitol Building, the stone may be seen in the walls and columns of the rooms adjoining the rotunda and in the spiral staircase. The graceful Little Rotunda tobacco column colonnade in the Senate wing on this floor, designed by architect Benjamin Latrobe, is especially attractive. Downstairs, the simple Doric columns of the crypt have a brownish cast, while the famous cornstalk columns in a nearby entrance hall are decidedly gray.
References
^ a b c d "Statement of Durand Jones, Deputy Director, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, before the Subcommittee on National Parks, Recreation and Public Lands of the House Committee on Resources, regarding H. RES. 261, recognizing the historic significance of the Aquia Sandstone quarries of Government Island in Stafford County, Virginia, for their contributions to the construction of the Capital of the United States". U.S. Department of the Interior. 2009-01-13. http://www.doi.gov/ocl/2002/hres261.htm.
^ a b "Building Stones of Our Nation's Capital". U.S. Geological Survey. 2009-01-13. http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/stones/stones3.html.
^ "U. S. Capitol Gatehouse (former) - East". List of Classified Structures. National Park Service. 2009-01-12. http://www.hscl.cr.nps.gov/insidenps/report.asp?STATE=DC&PARK=WHHO&STRUCTURE=&SORT=&RECORDNO=1.
^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2008-04-15. http://www.nr.nps.gov/.
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Categories: Building materials | Sandstone | Stafford County, Virginia | Geology of Virginia | Geologic formations | Geologic formation stubs
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How close is too close for a dry creek to be next to a house?
I'm looking at this house to buy. I'm not really concerned about the house being flooded, becaue in Texas we have recently had close to record breaking rains and water did not reach the house. My main concern is erodding creekbanks and undercutting possibly destabilzing the foundation. At the shortest distance the house is probably 7-8 ft. away from creek bank. It is a heavily treed lot with groundcover (jasmine). Also, the seller has put rocks around some parts of the creek bed. The soil is a mix of clay and sand. So, does this seem too close or could I just have a retaining wall of stone or railroad ties built?
In the world of engineering, there is a phrase known as "the 100 year storm". In other words, a "dry creekbed" is still a creekbed that must have had water running through it at some point in history in order for it to be called a creekbed. There is no way to predict if that major storm that often occurs within that 100 year period will happen within your lifetime or not but engineers always plan for such a calamity.
There is a huge difference between that creekbed taking on some flowing water for a month or so in the wet season and a mid-summer deluge drowning an area in higher ground and then all that water suddenly flooding that creekbed to the point of overflowing and washing everything in its path away.
Water is a powerful and dangerous force. I would talk to the buildings department about this to get their take on both the distance and the elevation of this home in comparison to the creekbed. Perhaps the local newspapers archives might also yield something about flooding issues in the distant past.
As a side bar, I was in Vegas a few years back. While getting ready to board a bus in a parking lot behind Bill Harrah's casino, I noticed signs stating: Danger. This is a flashflood area.
These casinos are located at the intersection of Flamingo Road and Las Vegas Blvd South, the very heart of the Vegas strip. The point being, it doesn't matter if flooding hasn't happened in fifty-years. If mankind puts buildings in the path of a watercourse, nature will eventually have its way. If the water is plentiful enough, railway ties, concrete walls, trees or anything else can get pushed aside, including whole buildings. Do your homework on this one and make sure you can get covered for flood damage.
Stone Creek